Report by Adala [Justice] For All On Violations of the Right to a Fair Trial and Attacks on Judges and Lawyers in Libya

Since the establishment of the judiciary, the principles of a fair trial have been clear. These include an independent and impartial court, the presumption of innocence, the right to consult a lawyer, and the right to a public hearing. International legal norms and national laws also provide these rights and standards.

Fair trial principles are enshrined across Libya’s constitutional documents and key legislation, including the Code of Criminal Procedure. Nevertheless, in practice these rights are widely violated while executive and judicial authorities fail to act, leading to public violations and impunity. 

This report covers violations from January to December 2025 and focuses on breaches of fair trial rights and attacks on judges and lawyers, based on monitoring by the Association’s legal team.